I have to make a bit of a confession about this particular entry. Though this album is one of Johnny Cash’s best and most important, I actually forgot up until recently that I hadn’t already written about it, but in listening to and studying this album further, I’m even more aware of its importance in Cash’s catalogue, and how it represents something I hadn’t touched on much with Cash, and that’s his Indian roots, as told in his 1964 album Bitter Tears:
When it came to his ancestry, being part Irish and part Cherokee Indian was such an important thing to Johnny Cash that it colored his songwriting all throughout his career. Thus, it was equally important, in the first few paragraphs of his second autobiography (entitled “Cash“), to share his recent findings regarding his true ancestry. As it turns out, Johnny Cash’s ancestry was almost 100% Scottish, and could be traced back to the 11th century. Still, despite the truth about where Cash came from, it didn’t change where he had been, and one of those places was among his Native American brothers at the site of the Wounded Knee massacre of 1890. There, in 1968, he performed songs from this album for a crowd of the people he was speaking for, and made a comment that I always liked, “I’ve got very little Indian blood in me, except in my heart, I’ve got 100%”.
It’s interesting that this album, which to my knowledge is the first (possibly only) “Country” album by a white guy that was fully dedicated to the trials and tribulations of the Native Americans came at the time it did. The period of the mid-60′s, in America’s history, was marked by protests, division, riots, and lots and lots of folk music. It’s interesting to me that Cash didn’t do an album about civil rights or anything like that directly, instead choosing to put a spotlight on a history of genocide and rape and pillage that most people aren’t even aware of to this day.
To hear Bitter Tears is to hear the dark, austere, and almost vengeful side of Johnny Cash as he passionately speaks out in that deep voice of his about the destruction of the Seneca nation in Pennsylvania in the song “As Long As The Grass Shall Grow”, and the spite in his voice as he cackles at the defeat of General Custer in the song “Custer”. The popular “Boom Chicka Boom” sound of Cash’s albums up to this point is almost entirely missing in all but two songs (“Custer” and “White Girl”), replaced with a somber acoustic guitar and light percussion, with Cash being joined by The Carter Family on many tracks. In this way, the album lacks the fun of most of his other albums up to this point, so the thing was kind of a shock to the Country radio guys. In fact, a lot of stations refused to play the singles from this particular album, which caused Cash to throw the accusation that they “wallow in meaninglessness”, which is kind of a strange phrase when one considers the radio of today for which such a statement is one of the obvious. Really though, I can’t exactly side with Cash for blaming the radio for not playing songs from this album; the songs are just too dark for Country radio, and they only really work well in the context of this album.
The meaning behind Bitter Tears is actually two-fold. Cash was speaking the truth, as best as he could manage, with his songs about the horrible treatment of the American Indian, but on a larger scale, he was speaking to the oppressed everywhere, serving up examples of the black heart of men in power and somberly mourning the people who fell victim to that greed. Of course, history can be interpreted many different ways by many different people, so a lot of the content of Bitter Tears are kept to a fact-only basis, rather than dealing with something fictional and thus meaningless. Indeed, Ira Hayes was a real person, and so was Chief Cornplanter, the man with which a treaty was signed that guaranteed the ownership of the Seneca land between Pennsylvania and New York “as long as the grass shall grow”, which was broken by John F. Kennedy in 1961 (yeah, Cash didn’t have to reach too far back into history at this point). The stories more or less speak for themselves, and their accuracy (at least as far as I’ve studied) is indeed respectable.
One of the reasons for the album being so “accurate” was the intense amount of study that Cash put into making the album, and the assistance he was given in writing the majority of the songs from a Hopi Indian named Peter LaFarge. Peter was an intense scholar of his tribe and all the other Native American tribes and knew just about all there is to know about their displacement. He was no slouch when it came to songwriting either, in fact he might have gotten his biggest break from his work with Cash if he hadn’t died less than a year after the Bitter Tears album was completed.
Interestingly, Cash met LaFarge through a mutual friend named Ed McCurdy, while in the throes of drug addiction. McCurdy and LaFarge were also addicts, and Ed gave Cash some pointers on how to handle himself with the drugs, though LaFarge decided to chase down some Dexedrine with too much Thorazine and took a 4 day nap. When he woke up, he and Cash became friends and started working together to create the album. Wonderful how drug-induced comas can bring kindred artists together, eh? Either way, I’m pretty sure it was party tricks like that Dexedrin + Thorazine nap that eventually killed LaFarge, I guess Cash was more fortunate in that regard.
Either way, Bitter Tears is a brilliant album, and despite Cash being nearly at his worst as far as drug use goes, the performance on the album is solid and memorable. I wouldn’t go so far as to say it was Cash’s most important album, but it’s right up there, and it’s certainly one of the best examples of his dedication to quality, especially considering the rate of albums he was cranking out at that time.
On a personal note, unlike Cash, I actually am of Irish heritage with a good portion of Cherokee Indian and have studied them before. A fascinating character I ran across was Sequoyah, who single-handedly invented the Cherokee alphabet (the first system of written language in any Native American tribe) after being inspired by the English and their “talking white leaves”. Cash wrote a song called “The Talking Leaves” which tells this story, and it’s kind of a favorite of mine for that reason.
Well, this isn’t the last we’ll be hearing about Johnny Cash, but we are certainly getting close. Until then!
Filed under: Albums | Tagged: 1964, 60's, Johnny Cash | 2 Comments »


Beggar’s Banquet is an album I somehow missed for a long time. It is right between Their Satanic Majesties Request and my favorite Stones album, Let It Bleed, filling out the middle of their trio of albums designed to make fun of the The Beatles (the original cover to this album was apparently a plain card like title with the title and “R.S.V.P.” written on, to look like The Beatles’ self-titled and all white album). Either way, I discovered it some time last year, and hearing “Sympathy For The Devil” playing, seemingly out of nowhere, at work today made me think about this album and how I should totally write about it.
What, you mean you aren’t like that, and you like to check out things that are supposed to be good because maybe they’ll make you happy? Psh, palpable nonsense. Anyway, today is actually the first time I ever heard Revolver, not so much because I was actively avoiding it (when I got the new “Re-mastered” collection they released this year, I made it my business to listen to every Beatles album), but because I forgot it existed. Yes, that’s right, I’ve written about 290-something albums so far this year and I forgot about the existence of what people who get paid a lot more than me are contractually obligated to call “the best album of all time”.

Of course, in a way, this is one of my favorite Rolling Stones albums, and to say so fills me with as much shame as someone who just found out it was their baby after all on the Maury Povich show. Basically, this isn’t so much an album as a collection of noises that pretends to be an album that is occasionally broken up by 2 songs that are so good that they could have just released those two songs repeated twice and I would have called it my favorite Rolling Stones album.
So how did I get this album? Well, it was part of a collection of “vinyl rips” (copying vinyl to .mp3 via equipment) online of some lost rarities, and this is one of the best rarities in the Johnny Cash catalog. Of course, all the songs in this album, and most of the other albums in this era, are available on the equally Cash-obsessed Bear Family’s German box set release
I chose Rubber Soul because it represents a few things to me. Sure I could have chosen The Beatles (White Album) because it has “Revolution 9″ in it which would fit this “day of 9′s”, as well as it being the longest album and being called simply “The Beatles”, in fact, now that I’m thinking about it, maybe I should have!
Screamin’ Jay Hawkins. I only wish I could write cohesive songs based on the works of history’s greatest entertainer.
The other indication that everyone is feeling the Cash fever is that he is in the latest Guitar Hero game (which actually tracks Luther Perkins/Bob Wootton’s guitar parts, which makes it ironic considering Perkins was no “hero” on guitar). His appearance in the game is a bit perplexing to me, since the graphic image is this horrifying Muppet-like rendering of his 60′s look (he’s dressed in black with the high white collar which actually is a look he favored around ’67 – ’71 YES I AM A NERD) but it’s a 1987 live version of the song, which itself is from the 50′s. Still, despite Guitar Hero V‘s grave-robbing of some of the best stars (Kurt Cobain, who professionally was totally AGAINST the idea of a “guitar hero”, is in the game), it’s all kind of comical and goofy because once you unlock one of these “heroes” you can put them in any song and make them the bassist, drummer, or whatever. My brother has a band made up of 4 Kurt Cobains and it’s pretty magical.